ESA has currently only two telescopes to observe asteroids: a 1 meter telescope at Tenerife and a 56-cm telescope in Cebreros, Spain. Accordingly from the 1282 Near-Earth Asteroids (NEO) detected in 2018 only one was discovered by us. This shall change dramatically as soon as the Flyeye telescope will become operational. This telescope is built in Italy and will have a field-of-view of 45 square degrees. The first one to be deployed in Sicily in 2020 will scan the whole Northern hemisphere in only two nights. A second one placed in Chile shall cover the observation gap in the Southern hemisphere. ESA’s strenght resides in orbit determination and impact monitoring. On our webpage neo.ssa.esa.int the orbit status of all 18800 NEOs is updated on an hourly basis. Currently for 773 of them a collision with the Earth cannot be ruled out. In case an impact on Earth becomes more likely, mitigation measures have to be taken: If the object is small (i.e. smaller than 25 m) impact warning or even evacuation can be considered, for larger ones – which should be detected years in advance – deflection missions will become necessary. ESA together with NASA is testing technology for a kinetic impactor but also more futuristic ideas like a gravity tractor are studied.